Blow udini inqubo ukwakha tube oncibilikisiwe (okubizwa ngokuthi parison noma preform) impahla thermoplastic (polymer noma resin) nokubeka parison noma preform ngaphakathi imbobo isikhunta futhi inflating ithubhu ngomoya onomfutho, ukuthatha ukuma umgodi bese upholisa ingxenye ngaphambi kokukhipha kwisikhunta.
Noma iyiphi ingxenye engenalutho ye-thermoplastic ingabunjwa ngegalelo.
Izingxenye azigcini nje emabhodleleni, lapho kukhona ukuvuleka okukodwa futhi imvamisa iba mncane ngobukhulu noma ngosayizi kunobukhulu bomzimba jikelele. Lezi ngezinye zezimo ezivame kakhulu ezisetshenziswa ekupakisheni abathengi, kepha kunezinye izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zezingxenye ezibunjiwe, okubandakanya, kepha kungagcini lapho:
- Iziqukathi eziningi zezimboni
- Utshani, ingadi nezinto zasendlini
- Izimpahla zokwelashwa nezingxenye, amathoyizi
- Imikhiqizo yezimboni zokwakha
- Izithuthi-ngaphansi kwezingxenye ze-hood
- Izinsiza kusebenza
Izinqubo Zokukhiqiza zeBlow
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-blow molding:
- I-extrusion blow molding
- Umjovo igalelo udini
- Injection elula igalelo udini
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo uyindlela yokwakha i-parison; kungaba nge-extrusion noma i-injection molding, ubukhulu be-parison kanye nendlela yokuhamba phakathi kwe-parison ne-blow mold; kungaba okumile, okuhambayo, okuqondile noma okujikelezayo.
Ku-Extrusion Blow Molding- (EBM) i-polymer iyancibilika futhi ukuncibilika okuqinile okukhishwayo kukhishwa nge-die ukwakha ithubhu elingenalutho noma i-parison. Izingxenye ezimbili zesikhunta esehlile zivalwa zizungeze le parison, umoya ocindezelweyo wethulwa ngepini noma ngenaliti, uyifaka esimweni sesikhunta, ngaleyo ndlela kuveze ingxenye engenalutho. Ngemuva kokuthi ipulasitiki eshisayo ipholile ngokwanele, isikhunta siyavulwa bese ingxenye isuswa.
Ku-EBM kunezindlela ezimbili eziyisisekelo ze-extrusion, Continuous and Intermittent. Ngokuqhubekayo, i-parison ikhishwa ngokuqhubekayo futhi isikhunta sihamba siye kude ne-parison. Ku-Intermittent, ipulasitiki iqoqwa yi-extruder ekamelweni, bese iphoqa itiye ukuthi yenze parison. Izikhunta ngokuvamile zimile ngaphansi noma ezungeze i-extruder.
Izibonelo zenqubo eqhubekayo yimishini eqhubekayo ye-Extrusion Shuttle nemishini ye Rotary Wheel. Imishini ye-extrusion engaphakathi ingaba yi-Reciprocating Screw noma i-Accumulator Head. Kunakwa izinto ezahlukahlukene lapho kukhethwa phakathi kwezinqubo nosayizi noma amamodeli atholakalayo.
Izibonelo zezingxenye ezenziwe yinqubo ye-EBM zifaka imikhiqizo eminingi engenalutho, njengamabhodlela, izingxenye zezimboni, amathoyizi, izimoto, izinto zokusebenza kanye nokupakisha kwezimboni.
Mayelana nenqubo ye-Injection Blow Systems - (IBS), i-polymer ingumjovo obunjwe emgodini ngaphakathi komgodi ukwakha ithubhu elingenalutho elibizwa nge-preform. Ama-preforms ajikeleza endukwini eyinhloko kusikhunta se-blow noma isikhunta esiteshini esivuthayo ukuze sigcwaliswe futhi sipholile. Le nqubo ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza amabhodlela amancane, imvamisa i-16oz / 500ml noma ngaphansi kwimiphumela ephezulu kakhulu. Le nqubo ihlukaniswe ngezinyathelo ezintathu: umjovo, ukushaywa nokukhishwa, konke kwenziwe ngomshini ohlanganisiwe. Izingxenye ziphuma ngobukhulu obuqediwe obuqediwe futhi zikwazi ukubamba ukubekezelelana okuqinile-ngaphandle kokusebenza okwengeziwe ekwakhekeni kusebenza kahle kakhulu.
Izibonelo zezingxenye ze-IBS ngamabhodlela ezemithi, izingxenye zezokwelapha, nezimonyo namanye amaphakheji womkhiqizo wabathengi.
Injection Stretch Blow Molding- (ISBM) inqubo ye-Injection Stretch Blow Molding- (ISBM) iyefana nenqubo ye-IBS echazwe ngenhla, ngokuthi i-preform ingumjovo obunjiwe. I-preform ebunjiwe bese yethulwa kusikhunta sokushaywa esimweni esimisiwe, kepha ngaphambi kokushaywa kokugcina kobujamo, i-preform yelulwa ngobude kanye nasebusweni. Ama-polymers ajwayelekile asetshenzisiwe yi-PET ne-PP, anezici zomzimba ezithuthukiswa yingxenye yokwelula inqubo. Lokhu kunwebeka kunika ingxenye yokugcina amandla athuthukisiwe nezindawo zokuvimba izisindo ezisindayo nobukhulu bodonga obungcono kune-IBS noma i-EBM - kepha, ngaphandle kwemingcele efana neziqukathi eziphathwayo, njll. I-ISBM ingahlukaniswa Isinyathelo esisodwa futhi Izinyathelo ezimbili inqubo.
Kuhlelo Isinyathelo esisodwa ukucubungula ukukhiqizwa kwangaphambi kokuqalwa kanye nokushaywa kwamabhodlela kwenziwa emshinini ofanayo. Lokhu kungenziwa ngemishini yesiteshi emi-3 noma emi-4, (Injection, Conditioning, Blowing and Ejection). Le nqubo nemishini ehlobene nayo ingaphatha amanani amancane kuya phezulu amabhodlela ahlukahlukene womumo nosayizi.
Kuhlelo Izinyathelo ezimbili ukucubungula ipulasitiki kuqala kubunjwe ku-preform kusetshenziswa umshini wokubumba umjovo ohlukile kumbumba wokushaya. Lokhu kukhiqizwa ngezintamo zamabhodlela, kufaka phakathi imicu ekugcineni okuvaliwe kwe-preform engenalutho engenalutho. Lawa ma-preform apholile, agcinwe, futhi ondliwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi emshinini wokubumba kabusha owelulwa ngokushisa kabusha. Enqubeni ye-Two Step Reheat Blow, ama-preform ayashiswa (imvamisa kusetshenziswa ama-infrared heater) ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa lengilazi, bese enwetshiwe futhi eshaywa kusetshenziswa umoya onengcindezi enkulu kwizikhunta zokushaya.
Inqubo yeZinyathelo ezimbili ilungele kakhulu iziqukathi eziphakeme kakhulu, izi-1 litre nangaphansi, ngokusetshenziswa okulondolozwa kakhulu kwe-resin enikeza amandla amakhulu, isithiyo segesi nezinye izici.